C2H4O2

C2H4O2

Structure of C2H4O2, also known as acetic acid.

C2H4O2 is the chemical formula for acetic acid, a colorless liquid organic compound with a pungent smell. It is commonly known as vinegar when it is diluted in water. Acetic acid is an important chemical compound with various industrial, medical, and household applications.

Chemical Properties

Acetic acid is a weak acid with a molecular weight of approximately 60.05 g/mol. Its chemical formula indicates that it consists of two carbon (C) atoms, four hydrogen (H) atoms, and two oxygen (O) atoms. The structure of C2H4O2 is represented by a carboxylic acid functional group, where one carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to another oxygen atom, which is also bonded to a hydrogen atom.

Production

Acetic acid can be produced through various methods, including the oxidation of ethanol, the fermentation of sugars, and the catalytic carbonylation of methanol. The most common method of production is the oxidation of ethanol, which involves the reaction of ethanol with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst, such as a platinum or palladium catalyst.

Uses

Acetic acid has a wide range of uses in different industries and applications. Some of its major uses include:

1. Food Industry: Acetic acid is widely used as a food preservative, flavoring agent, and pH regulator. It is a key component in the production of vinegar, which is used in cooking, pickling, and salad dressings.

2. Chemical Industry: Acetic acid is an important chemical intermediate in the production of various chemicals, such as vinyl acetate, acetic anhydride, and esters. These chemicals are used in the manufacturing of adhesives, paints, coatings, and synthetic fibers.

3. Medical and Pharmaceutical Industry: Acetic acid is used in the production of various pharmaceuticals, including antibiotics, analgesics, and antiseptics. It is also used as a solvent in the formulation of certain medications.

4. Cleaning and Household Applications: Acetic acid is an effective cleaning agent and is commonly used as a natural alternative to harsh chemical cleaners. It can be used for cleaning windows, removing stains, and eliminating odors.

Safety and Precautions

Acetic acid is a corrosive substance and can cause severe burns if it comes into contact with the skin or eyes. It is important to handle it with care and use appropriate protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, when working with it. In addition, acetic acid should be stored in a well-ventilated area away from heat sources and incompatible substances.

See Also

• Ethanol
• Carboxylic Acid
• Chemical Compound
• Vinegar