CDKN1B

CDKN1B

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Signal transduction pathways are crucial for cell cycle regulation.

CDKN1B (Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1B), also known as p27^Kip1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDKN1B gene. It is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor family and plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle.

Function

CDKN1B functions as a key regulator of the cell cycle by inhibiting the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). It binds to and prevents the activation of cyclin E-CDK2 or cyclin D-CDK4 complexes, and thus controls the cell's progression from the G1 phase to the S phase. This inhibition is crucial for maintaining proper cell cycle checkpoints and preventing uncontrolled cell proliferation.

Mechanism of Action

The protein encoded by CDKN1B acts as a tumor suppressor by controlling cell cycle progression. It is involved in the signal transduction pathways that respond to external growth signals. When growth signals are absent, CDKN1B accumulates in the nucleus and inhibits CDK activity, leading to cell cycle arrest.

Signal transduction pathways involving CDKN1B.

Clinical Significance

Mutations or alterations in the expression of CDKN1B have been associated with various types of cancer. Loss of function or reduced expression of CDKN1B can lead to unchecked cell division and tumor development. Conversely, overexpression of CDKN1B can result in cell cycle arrest and may be used as a therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment.

Regulation

CDKN1B is regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational modifications. Phosphorylation of CDKN1B can lead to its degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, thus modulating its inhibitory effects on the cell cycle.

Related Pages

• Cell cycle
• Cyclin-dependent kinase
• Tumor suppressor gene
• Signal transduction