CENPC1
CENPC1 (Centromere Protein C1) is a protein-coding gene that plays a crucial role in the proper segregation of chromosomes during cell division. It is a component of the centromere, a region of the chromosome that is essential for the accurate distribution of duplicated chromosomes to daughter cells during mitosis and meiosis.
Structure and Function[edit | edit source]
CENPC1 is a part of the inner kinetochore, a protein complex that assembles on the centromere and is responsible for the attachment of chromosomes to the spindle microtubules. The kinetochore is a critical structure that ensures chromosomes are pulled apart correctly during cell division.
The CENPC1 protein interacts with other centromere proteins, such as CENPA, CENPB, and CENPE, to form a stable complex that is necessary for kinetochore function. CENPC1 specifically binds to the centromeric DNA and helps recruit other kinetochore proteins, facilitating the assembly of the kinetochore complex.
Role in Cell Division[edit | edit source]
During cell division, CENPC1 is essential for the proper alignment and segregation of chromosomes. It ensures that each daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes, preventing aneuploidy, a condition where cells have an abnormal number of chromosomes, which can lead to diseases such as cancer.
CENPC1 is also involved in the checkpoint mechanisms that monitor the attachment of chromosomes to the spindle apparatus. If chromosomes are not properly attached, CENPC1 helps activate the spindle assembly checkpoint, delaying the progression of mitosis until errors are corrected.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
Mutations or dysregulation of the CENPC1 gene can lead to chromosomal instability, which is a hallmark of many cancers. Studies have shown that altered expression of CENPC1 is associated with various types of cancer, including breast, colorectal, and lung cancer.
Research into CENPC1 and its interactions with other centromere proteins is ongoing, with the aim of developing targeted therapies that can correct or exploit these interactions in cancer treatment.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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