COMT

COMT (Catechol-O-methyltransferase) is an enzyme that plays a significant role in the metabolism of catecholamines in the human body. Catecholamines include neurotransmitters such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. COMT is encoded by the COMT gene in humans.

Function

COMT is involved in the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine to catecholamines. This methylation process is a major method by which catecholamines are inactivated. This enzyme is critical for the physiological regulation of the nervous system, and its activity can significantly impact mental and emotional health.

Genetics

The COMT gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 22 at position 11.2. Polymorphisms of this gene are associated with variations in COMT activity, which can influence susceptibility to certain diseases and conditions. For example, the Val158Met polymorphism has been linked to schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Clinical significance

Alterations in COMT activity can have significant clinical implications. Reduced activity can lead to an accumulation of catecholamines, contributing to hypertension and psychosis. Conversely, increased activity can result in reduced catecholamine levels, potentially leading to conditions such as Parkinson's disease.

See also

• Dopamine
• Epinephrine
• Norepinephrine
• Schizophrenia
• Bipolar disorder
• Parkinson's disease

References

COMT Resources
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