XCR1

XCR1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the XCR1 gene. It is a chemokine receptor that is highly expressed in dendritic cells, which are key players in the immune system. The receptor is activated by a chemokine called XCL1, leading to various immune responses.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor family. The family members are characterized by the presence of 7 transmembrane domains and numerous conserved amino acids. This receptor shows high selectivity for the chemokine XCL1, and is required for the function of XCL1 in the immune response. The receptor is also expressed in dendritic cells, and is thought to play a role in their migration and antigen presentation.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the XCR1 gene have been associated with susceptibility to infectious diseases, such as HIV infection. In addition, the receptor has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis.

See also

• Chemokine receptor
• Dendritic cell
• Immune system
• XCL1

External links

• NCBI Gene
• UniProt