Cabbala

Cabbala (also spelled Kabbalah) is a form of Jewish mysticism that seeks to explain the relationship between the unchanging, eternal God—the mysterious Ein Sof (אֵין סוֹף‎, "The Infinite")—and the mortal, finite universe (God's creation). It forms the foundation of mystical religious interpretations within Judaism.

Etymology

The term "Cabbala" comes from the Hebrew word קַבָּלָה (Kabbalah), meaning "reception" or "tradition." It refers to the esoteric teachings that were received by Jewish mystics.

Historical Development

Cabbala has its roots in early Jewish mysticism, but it became more systematized in the 12th and 13th centuries, particularly in Provence and Spain. The most influential work of Cabbala is the Zohar, a mystical commentary on the Torah written by Moses de León in the late 13th century.

Core Concepts

Cabbala encompasses a wide range of mystical concepts, including:

• Ein Sof: The infinite and unknowable aspect of God.
• Sefirot: The ten attributes or emanations through which God interacts with the world. These include Keter (Crown), Chokhmah (Wisdom), Binah (Understanding), and others.
• Tree of Life: A symbolic representation of the Sefirot and their connections.
• Tzimtzum: The concept of divine contraction, where God "contracted" His infinite light to create a "space" for the finite world.
• Shekhinah: The feminine aspect of God's presence in the world.

Practices

Cabbalistic practices often involve meditation, prayer, and the study of sacred texts. Some practitioners also engage in rituals designed to bring about spiritual enlightenment and closeness to God.

Influence

Cabbala has had a significant impact on Jewish thought and practice. It has influenced various Jewish movements, including Hasidism, which emphasizes the mystical aspects of Judaism. Cabbala has also attracted interest from non-Jewish spiritual seekers and has been incorporated into various New Age and esoteric traditions.

Criticism and Controversy

Cabbala has faced criticism from some quarters within Judaism, particularly from those who view it as a departure from traditional Jewish teachings. Some critics argue that its mystical elements can lead to superstition and detract from the rational aspects of Judaism.

Related Pages

• Jewish mysticism
• Zohar
• Hasidism
• Ein Sof
• Sefirot
• Tree of Life (Kabbalah)
• Tzimtzum
• Shekhinah