Cadherin-11

Cadherin-11 (CDH11), also known as OB-cadherin, is a type II classical cadherin from the cadherin superfamily. Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins that play crucial roles in maintaining proper cell-cell adhesion, which is essential for the structural integrity of tissues.

Structure

Cadherin-11 is a transmembrane protein composed of an extracellular domain, a single transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail. The extracellular domain contains five cadherin repeats, which are responsible for homophilic binding interactions with cadherins on adjacent cells. The cytoplasmic tail interacts with catenins and other intracellular proteins to link the cadherin complex to the actin cytoskeleton.

Function

Cadherin-11 is primarily expressed in osteoblasts, fibroblasts, and certain types of cancer cells. It plays a significant role in bone development and synovial joint formation. In the context of cancer, Cadherin-11 has been implicated in tumor progression and metastasis, particularly in breast cancer and prostate cancer.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in Cadherin-11 expression have been associated with various pathological conditions. Overexpression of Cadherin-11 is observed in certain types of cancer, where it may contribute to increased invasiveness and metastatic potential. Conversely, loss of Cadherin-11 function can lead to defects in bone development and joint formation.

Research

Ongoing research is focused on understanding the precise mechanisms by which Cadherin-11 influences cell behavior and its potential as a therapeutic target in cancer and other diseases. Studies are also exploring the role of Cadherin-11 in rheumatoid arthritis, where it is thought to contribute to the pathological interactions between synovial fibroblasts and immune cells.

Related Pages

• Cadherin
• Cell adhesion
• Catenin
• Osteoblast
• Fibroblast
• Cancer
• Breast cancer
• Prostate cancer
• Rheumatoid arthritis