Caffeine/ergotamine

Caffeine/ergotamine is a combination drug consisting of caffeine and ergotamine tartrate. It is primarily used for the treatment of migraine and cluster headaches.

Pharmacology

Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that works by blocking adenosine receptors in the brain, thereby reducing fatigue and drowsiness. It also increases the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward.

Ergotamine is an ergot alkaloid and a non-selective adrenergic receptor antagonist. It works by constricting blood vessels in the brain and inhibiting the transmission of pain signals to the brain.

The combination of caffeine and ergotamine is thought to have a synergistic effect, with caffeine increasing the absorption of ergotamine and enhancing its therapeutic effect.

Clinical Use

Caffeine/ergotamine is used for the acute treatment of migraine and cluster headaches. It is not intended for the prophylactic therapy of these conditions or for use in the management of hemiplegic or basilar migraine.

Side Effects

Common side effects of caffeine/ergotamine include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and weakness. More serious side effects may include muscle pain, numbness, cold feeling in the hands and feet, and severe headache.

Contraindications

Caffeine/ergotamine is contraindicated in patients with peripheral vascular disease, coronary artery disease, hypertension, liver or kidney disease, and in those who are pregnant or breastfeeding.

See Also

• Migraine
• Cluster headache
• Caffeine
• Ergotamine