Callitrichidae

Family of primates

Overview

The Callitrichidae family, commonly known as marmosets and tamarins, is a group of small New World monkeys native to the tropical forests of Central America and South America. These primates are characterized by their diminutive size, claw-like nails, and distinctive facial features.

Physical Characteristics

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A Tamarin

Callitrichids are among the smallest of the Simiiformes, with body lengths ranging from 14 to 28 centimeters, excluding the tail. They possess a long tail, which is often longer than their body, aiding in balance and agility. Unlike most primates, callitrichids have claws instead of nails on all digits except the big toe, which has a flat nail.

Behavior and Social Structure

Callitrichids are highly social animals, typically living in family groups that can range from two to fifteen individuals. These groups are often composed of a dominant breeding pair and their offspring. They exhibit cooperative breeding, where non-breeding members assist in the care of the young.

Diet

The diet of callitrichids is varied and includes fruits, insects, and small vertebrates. They are also known to consume tree sap and gum, which they access by gnawing holes in the bark with their specialized teeth.

Reproduction

Callitrichids have a unique reproductive system among primates. They often give birth to twins, although single births and triplets can occur. The gestation period is approximately 140 to 150 days. After birth, the entire group participates in the care of the young, with the father and other group members carrying the infants.

Conservation Status

Many species within the Callitrichidae family are threatened by habitat destruction and fragmentation. Conservation efforts are focused on habitat preservation and the establishment of protected areas.

Related pages

• Marmoset
• Tamarin
• New World monkey
• Primate