Cannabis abuse

Cannabis abuse refers to the pattern of excessive or compulsive use of cannabis, which is also known as marijuana among other names. This condition is characterized by the inability to control or limit cannabis use despite the negative consequences on a person's life, health, or well-being. Cannabis abuse falls under the broader category of Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).

Definition and Diagnosis

The DSM-5 criteria for Cannabis Use Disorder include a pattern of cannabis use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as manifested by at least two of the following, occurring within a 12-month period:

• A strong desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control cannabis use.
• Continued cannabis use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of cannabis.
• Using cannabis in larger amounts or over a longer period than was intended.
• Spending a great deal of time in activities necessary to obtain, use, or recover from the effects of cannabis.
• Important social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of cannabis use.
• Cannabis use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by cannabis.

Effects

Cannabis abuse can lead to a variety of short-term and long-term effects on an individual's health and well-being. Short-term effects may include altered senses, mood changes, impaired body movement, difficulty with thinking and problem-solving, and impaired memory. Long-term effects can include respiratory issues, potential heart problems, and mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. Additionally, cannabis abuse can lead to a decrease in cognitive functions and can affect brain development in younger users.

Treatment

Treatment for cannabis abuse typically involves a combination of behavioral therapies, counseling, and support groups. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), motivational interviewing (MI), and contingency management (CM) are among the most common approaches used to help individuals overcome their cannabis abuse. There are currently no FDA-approved medications to treat cannabis abuse, making psychosocial interventions the primary treatment method.

Prevention

Prevention of cannabis abuse involves educating individuals, especially adolescents and young adults, about the risks associated with cannabis use. Community-based programs and policies aimed at reducing the availability of cannabis, as well as interventions that focus on strengthening protective factors such as family support and academic achievement, are also important components of prevention efforts.

See Also

• Substance abuse
• Addiction
• Cannabis (drug)
• Cannabis Use Disorder
• Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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