Capillaria hepatica

Capillaria hepatica is a parasitic nematode that primarily affects the liver of various mammalian hosts, including humans. It is a member of the family Trichuridae, which also includes other parasitic worms such as Trichuris trichiura and Trichinella spiralis.

Life Cycle

The life cycle of Capillaria hepatica is unique among parasitic nematodes. The adult worms live in the liver of the host, where they produce eggs that are released into the environment through the host's feces. These eggs can survive in the environment for years, and are ingested by a new host to complete the life cycle.

Pathology

Infection with Capillaria hepatica can cause hepatitis, cirrhosis, and other serious liver diseases. The severity of the disease depends on the number of worms present in the liver and the host's immune response. In severe cases, infection can lead to death.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis of Capillaria hepatica infection is typically made by identifying the characteristic eggs in a stool sample. Treatment usually involves anthelmintic drugs, such as mebendazole or albendazole, which kill the adult worms.

Epidemiology

Capillaria hepatica is found worldwide, but is most common in tropical and subtropical regions where sanitation is poor. Humans can become infected by ingesting contaminated food or water, or by direct contact with contaminated soil.

Prevention

Prevention of Capillaria hepatica infection involves improving sanitation and educating people about the risks of consuming contaminated food or water. In areas where the parasite is common, regular deworming programs can also help to reduce the prevalence of infection.

See Also

• Parasitic worms
• Hepatitis
• Cirrhosis