Caproic acid

Caproic acid (also known as hexanoic acid) is a carboxylic acid that is a saturated fatty acid. It is a colorless oily liquid with an unpleasant odor. The term "caproic" originates from the Latin word "caper", meaning goat, due to its goat-like smell.

Chemical Structure

Caproic acid has the chemical formula C6H12O2. It consists of a six-carbon chain, with the end carbon contributing to a carboxyl group (-COOH). The remaining five carbons form a hydrocarbon chain, with each carbon atom bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible.

Production

Caproic acid is naturally produced in the milk of various mammals, especially goats. It is also produced during the anaerobic fermentation of glucose in the colon by bacteria. Industrially, caproic acid can be prepared by the oxidation of hexanol.

Properties

Caproic acid is a medium-chain fatty acid, which means it is absorbed into the body more quickly than long-chain fatty acids. It is a colorless oily liquid at room temperature and has a strong, unpleasant odor. It is slightly soluble in water and readily soluble in alcohol and ether.

Uses

Caproic acid is used in the manufacture of esters for artificial flavors, and in the production of dyes, plastics, and pharmaceuticals. It is also used as a food additive and in the production of metalworking fluids.

Health Effects

Exposure to caproic acid can cause skin and eye irritation. Ingestion can lead to abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Long-term exposure can cause damage to the respiratory system.

See Also

• Carboxylic acid
• Fatty acid
• Hexanol