Capstan

Capstan
Classification	Mechanical device
Industry	Maritime, Railways, Construction
Application	Hauling, Mooring, Anchoring
Fuel source	Manual, Electric, Hydraulic
Components	Drum, Motor, Gearbox

A capstan is a rotating machine used to control or apply force to a cable or rope. It is commonly found on ships, railways, and in construction settings. The primary function of a capstan is to provide a mechanical advantage in the movement or tensioning of cables and ropes.

Design and Operation

A capstan consists of a vertical or horizontal drum that rotates around a central axis. The drum is powered either manually or by an external power source such as an electric motor or hydraulic system. The cable or rope is wound around the drum, and as the drum rotates, it pulls the cable or rope, allowing for controlled movement or tensioning.

Manual Capstans

Manual capstans are operated by turning a handle or lever, which rotates the drum. These are often used in smaller applications or where power sources are not available. Manual capstans rely on human effort to generate the necessary force.

Powered Capstans

Powered capstans use an external power source to rotate the drum. These can be electric, hydraulic, or even steam-powered. Powered capstans are capable of handling much larger loads and are commonly used in industrial and maritime applications.

Applications

Capstans are used in a variety of settings, including:

• Maritime: On ships, capstans are used for mooring, anchoring, and handling cargo.
• Railways: Capstans are used to move rail cars in yards and terminals.
• Construction: Capstans are used to lift and move heavy materials.

Related Devices

Capstans are similar to winches, but they differ in their design and application. While a winch typically has a horizontal drum and is used for pulling, a capstan has a vertical drum and is used for both pulling and lifting.

See Also

• Winch
• Windlass
• Pulley
• Hoist
• Anchor