Carbon subsulfide
Chemical compound
Carbon subsulfide
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Carbon subsulfide is a chemical compound with the formula C3S2. It is a red liquid at room temperature and is known for its distinctive odor. Carbon subsulfide is structurally similar to carbon disulfide (CS2), but it contains an additional carbon atom, making it a tricarbon disulfide.
Structure and Bonding[edit | edit source]
Carbon subsulfide is a cumulene, which means it contains consecutive double bonds. The structure can be described as S=C=C=C=S, with alternating single and double bonds. This linear arrangement of atoms is similar to that found in other cumulenes, such as carbon dioxide and carbon disulfide.
Synthesis[edit | edit source]
Carbon subsulfide can be synthesized by the reaction of carbon disulfide with elemental sulfur at high temperatures. The reaction proceeds as follows:
- 3 CS2 + S8 → 3 C3S2 + 4 S2
This reaction requires careful control of temperature and pressure to ensure the formation of carbon subsulfide rather than other sulfur-rich compounds.
Properties[edit | edit source]
Carbon subsulfide is a volatile liquid with a boiling point of 100 °C and a melting point of -38 °C. It is soluble in organic solvents and has a density of 1.26 g/cm³. The compound is known for its strong and unpleasant odor, which is similar to that of carbon disulfide.
Reactions[edit | edit source]
Carbon subsulfide is reactive and can undergo polymerization to form a black solid. It can also react with amines to form thiourea derivatives. The compound is sensitive to air and moisture, which can lead to its decomposition.
Applications[edit | edit source]
While carbon subsulfide itself does not have significant industrial applications, it is of interest in academic research due to its unique structure and reactivity. Studies of carbon subsulfide can provide insights into the chemistry of cumulenes and related compounds.
Safety[edit | edit source]
Carbon subsulfide is considered hazardous due to its volatility and unpleasant odor. It should be handled with care in a well-ventilated area, and appropriate personal protective equipment should be used to avoid inhalation or skin contact.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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