Careya arborea

Careya arborea 2

Careya arborea (Wild guava)fruit in Narsapur forest, AP W IMG 0148

Careya arborea (Wild guava) leaves in Narsapur forest, AP W IMG 0153

Careya arborea (Wild guava) leaves in Narsapur forest, AP W IMG 0150

Careya arborea (Wild guava) in Narsapur forest, AP W IMG 0152

Careya arborea is a species of deciduous tree in the Lecythidaceae family, commonly known as the Kumbhi tree in India. It is widely distributed across the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and parts of Australia. This tree is notable for its broad, spreading canopy and large, woody fruits, which are an important food source for wildlife. The tree plays a significant role in traditional medicine and is used in various cultural practices throughout its range.

Description

Careya arborea grows to a height of 10-15 meters, with a thick, grey bark that is deeply fissured. The leaves are large, oblong, and arranged in a rosette pattern, which makes the tree easily identifiable even from a distance. During the dry season, the tree sheds its leaves, and in spring, it blooms with large, white to pink flowers. These flowers are nocturnal and emit a strong fragrance, attracting a variety of pollinators, including bats and insects. The fruit of Careya arborea is a large, spherical berry that turns from green to brown as it matures. Each fruit contains numerous seeds embedded in a fleshy pulp.

Ecology

Careya arborea is found in a variety of forest types, including dry deciduous forests, moist deciduous forests, and the edges of evergreen forests. It prefers well-drained soils and can be found at elevations up to 1000 meters. The tree is an important component of its ecosystem, providing food and habitat for a wide range of animals. The fruits are especially favored by large herbivores such as elephants, which play a crucial role in seed dispersal. The tree's flowers are also a key nectar source for bees and other nectar-feeding insects.

Uses

Traditionally, Careya arborea has been used in various ways. The wood is valued for its durability and resistance to water, making it suitable for construction and boat building. The bark and leaves have medicinal properties and are used in traditional remedies for treating wounds, ulcers, and infections. The fruit is edible and is sometimes consumed by local communities, although it is not widely popular for human consumption.

In addition to its practical uses, Careya arborea holds cultural significance in some regions. It is often planted around temples and used in religious ceremonies. The tree is also associated with various local myths and legends, highlighting its importance in the cultural landscape.

Conservation

While Careya arborea is not currently listed as endangered, its habitat is under threat from deforestation, land conversion, and overexploitation. Conservation efforts are necessary to ensure the survival of this species and the ecological balance of the forests it inhabits. Protecting natural habitats, promoting sustainable use practices, and raising awareness about the importance of Careya arborea are crucial steps in conserving this valuable tree species.