Carpal bone

Carpal Bones

The carpal bones are a group of eight small bones that form the wrist (or carpus) that connects the hand to the forearm. This complex anatomical structure allows for the wide range of motion we observe in our hands.

Anatomy

The carpal bones are arranged in two rows: the proximal row and the distal row. The proximal row, closer to the forearm, includes the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform bones. The distal row, closer to the hand, includes the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate bones.

Each carpal bone articulates with the bone next to it, and they are collectively held together by a complex network of ligaments. This arrangement allows for the flexibility and movement of the wrist.

Function

The primary function of the carpal bones is to facilitate effective movement of the wrist and hand. They also serve as a conduit for the nerves and blood vessels that supply the hand.

Clinical Significance

Injuries to the carpal bones, such as fractures or dislocations, are common and can lead to conditions like carpal tunnel syndrome or arthritis. These conditions can cause pain, weakness, and loss of function in the hand and wrist.

See Also

• Hand anatomy
• Wrist joint
• Carpal tunnel syndrome
• Arthritis