Cartwheel (gymnastics)

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Cartwheel (gymnastics) is a foundational skill in gymnastics where the gymnast rotates sideways in a vertical plane, typically starting and ending in a standing position, while moving the hands and feet in a sequence that resembles the spokes of a cartwheel. This skill is not only fundamental in gymnastics but also prevalent in various forms of dance, martial arts, and general physical education due to its comprehensive benefits for strength, flexibility, and coordination.

Execution

The execution of a cartwheel begins with the gymnast standing upright, arms extended overhead, and feet together. The gymnast then lunges forward with one foot, leading with the same side hand to touch the ground. The body inverts as the legs pass over the body in a straddle position, with the hands making contact with the ground one after the other. The gymnast then lands on the opposite foot from which they started, returning to a standing position. Proper form requires the gymnast to keep their arms and legs straight, and to maintain a tight core throughout the movement for stability and control.

Variations

Several variations of the cartwheel exist, including:

• One-handed cartwheel: Performed with only one hand touching the ground.
• Aerial cartwheel or no-handed cartwheel: Done without hands touching the ground, requiring significant strength and momentum.
• Side aerial: A variation of the aerial cartwheel typically performed in artistic gymnastics and cheerleading.

Training and Progression

Learning a cartwheel involves progression from basic to more advanced techniques. Beginners may start with exercises to improve balance, flexibility, and strength, gradually moving to partial movements, such as handstands or assisted cartwheels, before attempting a full cartwheel. Coaches often use spotting techniques to guide gymnasts safely through the motion until they gain the necessary confidence and skill to perform it unassisted.

Importance in Gymnastics

The cartwheel is a critical skill in gymnastics, serving as a building block for more complex skills such as the roundoff, which is essential for tumbling sequences in both floor exercise and vault events. Mastery of the cartwheel is also indicative of a gymnast's overall agility, coordination, and spatial awareness.

Safety Considerations

While the cartwheel is a basic gymnastic skill, proper technique and safety measures are essential to prevent injury. Gymnasts should perform cartwheels on a soft surface, such as a gymnastics mat, and under the supervision of a qualified coach, especially when learning or attempting more advanced variations.