Cav2.1

Cav2.1 is a type of voltage-gated calcium channel that plays a crucial role in the neurotransmission process. It is also known as the P/Q type voltage-gated calcium channel, and is encoded by the CACNA1A gene in humans.

Function

Cav2.1 channels are primarily found in the neurons of the central nervous system. They are responsible for the influx of calcium ions into the cell, which triggers the release of neurotransmitters from synaptic vesicles. This process is essential for the propagation of nerve impulses across synapses.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the CACNA1A gene can lead to a variety of neurological disorders. These include Familial Hemiplegic Migraine (FHM), Episodic Ataxia Type 2 (EA2), and Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 6 (SCA6). All of these conditions are characterized by episodes of migraine, ataxia, and other neurological symptoms.

Research

Research into Cav2.1 channels is ongoing, with a focus on understanding their role in neurological disorders and developing potential treatments. For example, drugs that block Cav2.1 channels are being investigated for their potential to treat conditions like migraine and epilepsy.

See also

• Voltage-gated calcium channel
• CACNA1A
• Neurotransmission
• Synaptic vesicle

References

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