Cava (Spanish wine)

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Glass of Cava

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Semi Seco rosado cava

Xarel lo Cava grapes

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DO Cava locator map

Cava is a Spanish wine that holds the distinction of being a sparkling wine with a designation of origin (DO) status from Spain. The name "Cava," which means "cave" or "cellar" in Spanish, refers to the traditional storage locations used for the aging process of this wine. Cava is renowned for its production primarily in the Penedès region in Catalonia, although its production has expanded to other regions in Spain.

History

The production of Cava began in the late 19th century, with the Codorníu Winery playing a pivotal role in its development. The method of production was inspired by the traditional methods used in Champagne, France, but adapted to the local grape varieties and climate conditions of Spain. The term "Cava" was officially adopted in the 1970s to distinguish the Spanish sparkling wine from its French counterpart.

Production

Cava is produced using the traditional méthode champenoise, known in Spain as the método tradicional. This process involves a primary fermentation of the wine, followed by a secondary fermentation in the bottle. The wine is then aged on its lees for a minimum of 9 months, although higher quality Cavas may be aged for several years to enhance their complexity and flavor profile.

The primary grape varieties used in the production of Cava are Macabeo, Xarel·lo, and Parellada. However, other varieties such as Chardonnay and Pinot Noir are also permitted and increasingly used.

Classification

Cava is classified according to the dosage of sugar added after the second fermentation, which determines its sweetness level. The classifications range from Brut Nature, which has no added sugar, to Dulce, which is the sweetest.

Regions

While the heartland of Cava production is in Catalonia, specifically the Penedès region, the DO Cava designation covers several other regions across Spain. This includes parts of Valencia, Aragón, Navarra, Rioja, and more, allowing for a diverse range of styles and flavors.

Consumption and Culture

Cava is traditionally consumed during celebrations and festive occasions in Spain, similar to the role of Champagne in France. It is often served in a flute glass to preserve its bubbles and is enjoyed as an aperitif, with meals, or as a celebratory drink.

Regulatory Body

The regulatory body overseeing the production and quality of Cava is the Consejo Regulador del Cava. This organization is responsible for setting the standards for Cava production, including the permitted grape varieties, production methods, and aging requirements.

Challenges and Innovations

The Cava industry has faced challenges, including competition from other sparkling wines and internal disputes over production standards. In response, there has been a movement towards higher quality production methods, including organic and biodynamic practices, and the creation of a new classification system to highlight premium Cavas.