Cavity wall

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Cavity wall

A cavity wall is a type of wall construction that consists of two separate walls, known as leaves or skins, with a gap or cavity between them. This construction method is commonly used in buildings to provide better thermal insulation, sound insulation, and moisture control compared to solid walls.

History

The concept of cavity wall construction dates back to the early 19th century, but it became more widespread in the early 20th century. The primary reason for its adoption was to improve the thermal performance of buildings and to prevent damp penetration.

Construction

Cavity walls are typically constructed using brick or concrete blocks. The two leaves of the wall are held together with metal ties, known as wall ties, which are placed at regular intervals. The cavity between the leaves is usually around 50mm to 100mm wide and can be filled with insulation material to enhance the wall's thermal properties.

Wall Ties

Wall ties are essential components in cavity wall construction. They provide structural stability by connecting the inner and outer leaves of the wall. Wall ties are usually made of stainless steel or galvanized steel to prevent corrosion.

Insulation

The cavity in a cavity wall can be left empty or filled with various types of insulation materials, such as polystyrene beads, mineral wool, or polyurethane foam. Insulating the cavity helps to reduce heat loss and improve the energy efficiency of the building.

Advantages

• Improved thermal insulation: The cavity and insulation material reduce heat transfer through the wall.
• Better sound insulation: The gap between the leaves helps to dampen sound transmission.
• Moisture control: The cavity prevents moisture from penetrating the inner leaf, reducing the risk of damp and mold growth.
• Structural stability: Wall ties provide additional strength and stability to the wall.

Disadvantages

• Increased construction cost: Cavity walls can be more expensive to build compared to solid walls.
• Complexity: The construction process is more complex and requires skilled labor.
• Maintenance: Wall ties can corrode over time, leading to potential structural issues.

Applications

Cavity walls are commonly used in residential and commercial buildings, particularly in regions with cold or wet climates. They are also used in the construction of schools, hospitals, and other public buildings where thermal and sound insulation are important considerations.

See also

• Wall
• Insulation
• Thermal performance
• Damp proofing
• Building construction

External links

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