Ceftizoxime alapivoxil

Ceftizoxime alapivoxil is a prodrug of the cephalosporin antibiotic ceftizoxime. It is used in the treatment of various bacterial infections, including those caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Pharmacology

Ceftizoxime alapivoxil is a prodrug, which means it is inactive in its original form. Once ingested, it is metabolized in the body to its active form, ceftizoxime. This transformation occurs primarily in the liver through the process of hydrolysis. The active form, ceftizoxime, is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, which works by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell death.

Clinical Use

Ceftizoxime alapivoxil is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. These include respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin infections, and bone infections. It is also used in the treatment of sepsis, a life-threatening condition caused by the body's response to an infection.

Side Effects

Like all medications, ceftizoxime alapivoxil can cause side effects. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and rash. More serious side effects can include allergic reactions, kidney damage, and Clostridium difficile infection, a type of bacterial infection that can cause severe diarrhea.

Precautions

Patients with a history of allergy to cephalosporin antibiotics or penicillin should not take ceftizoxime alapivoxil. It should also be used with caution in patients with kidney disease, as it is primarily excreted by the kidneys and may accumulate in the body in patients with impaired kidney function.

See Also

• Cephalosporin
• Prodrug
• Antibiotic resistance