Cerebral artery

Cerebral Artery

Cerebral arteries

The Cerebral Artery refers to any of the arteries supplying the cerebrum of the brain. The largest and most significant of these are the two internal carotid arteries and the two vertebral arteries. It is a crucial part of the circulatory system that provides blood flow to the brain.

Structure

The cerebral arteries are divided into two main groups: the anterior circulation, which is formed by the internal carotid arteries, and the posterior circulation, which is formed by the vertebral arteries. These two circulations join together at the Circle of Willis, a ring-like anastomosis at the base of the brain.

Anterior Circulation

The internal carotid artery is the main supplier of blood to the anterior circulation. It branches into the middle cerebral artery and the anterior cerebral artery.

Posterior Circulation

The vertebral arteries merge to form the basilar artery, which gives rise to the posterior cerebral artery. The posterior circulation supplies the brainstem, cerebellum, and the posterior part of the cerebrum.

Clinical Significance

Blockage or damage to the cerebral arteries can lead to a stroke, which can cause significant neurological damage, disability, or death. The specific symptoms and outcomes depend on which part of the brain is affected.

See Also

• Circle of Willis
• Stroke
• Cerebrovascular disease