Highest intercostal artery

Highest Intercostal Artery

The highest intercostal artery is an artery in the human body that supplies the first two intercostal spaces. (Image: Gray's Anatomy)

The Highest Intercostal Artery is a blood vessel that typically arises from the subclavian artery. It is responsible for supplying blood to the first two intercostal spaces and the upper part of the serratus anterior muscle.

Structure

The highest intercostal artery is usually a branch of the costocervical trunk, which is itself a branch of the subclavian artery. However, in some individuals, it may arise directly from the subclavian artery. After branching off, it runs posteriorly between the neck of the first rib and the vertebral column, then descends into the first intercostal space.

Function

The highest intercostal artery supplies blood to the first two intercostal spaces, which are the spaces between the first and second, and second and third ribs. It also supplies blood to the upper part of the serratus anterior muscle, a muscle located on the side of the chest.

Clinical Significance

Knowledge of the highest intercostal artery is important in thoracic surgery and interventional procedures, as injury to this artery can lead to significant bleeding. It may also be involved in certain pathological conditions, such as thoracic outlet syndrome.

See Also

• Subclavian Artery
• Intercostal Spaces
• Serratus Anterior Muscle
• Costocervical Trunk
• Thoracic Outlet Syndrome