Cerebral blood volume

Cerebral blood volume (CBV) refers to the total volume of blood in the cerebral vasculature at any given time. It is an important physiological parameter that reflects the balance between cerebral blood flow, metabolism, and the ability of the blood vessels to dilate and constrict.

Overview

CBV is typically about 5% of the cardiac output, or approximately 250 ml in an average adult. It is regulated by various mechanisms, including autoregulation, neurogenic control, and chemical control. These mechanisms ensure that the brain receives a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients, despite changes in blood pressure, cardiac output, or metabolic demand.

Measurement

CBV can be measured using various imaging techniques, such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET). These techniques provide a non-invasive way to assess CBV and can help in the diagnosis and management of various neurological conditions, such as stroke, brain tumors, and traumatic brain injury.

Clinical significance

Changes in CBV can indicate a variety of pathological conditions. For example, an increase in CBV may suggest vasodilation, which can occur in response to hypoxia or ischemia. Conversely, a decrease in CBV may suggest vasoconstriction, which can occur in response to hypertension or vasospasm. Understanding these changes can help clinicians make more informed decisions about patient care.

See also

• Cerebral blood flow
• Cerebral perfusion pressure
• Blood-brain barrier

References

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