Cetrimonium chloride

Cetrimonium chloride

Cetrimonium chloride (also known as cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, CTAC, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and palmityltrimethylammonium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium compound used in the cosmetics industry primarily for its antimicrobial properties. It is also used in the pharmaceutical industry as an excipient in the production of topical medications.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Cetrimonium chloride is a cationic surfactant with the chemical formula C19H42ClN. It is a white, crystalline solid at room temperature and is highly soluble in water. The compound has a strong positive charge, which allows it to interact with negatively charged surfaces, such as the hair and skin.

Uses

Cosmetics Industry

In the cosmetics industry, cetrimonium chloride is used as a conditioning agent in hair care products such as shampoos and conditioners. It is also used in skin care products for its moisturizing properties. The compound's antimicrobial properties make it a useful preservative in these products.

Pharmaceutical Industry

In the pharmaceutical industry, cetrimonium chloride is used as an excipient in the production of topical medications. It is used to improve the solubility of active ingredients and to enhance the absorption of medications through the skin.

Safety and Toxicity

Cetrimonium chloride is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. However, high concentrations can cause skin and eye irritation. The compound is toxic if ingested and can cause damage to the digestive system.

Regulation

In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the use of cetrimonium chloride in over-the-counter (OTC) drug products. The European Union (EU) also allows the use of cetrimonium chloride in cosmetics, but limits the concentration to 0.1% in products that are rinsed off and 0.025% in products that are left on the skin.

See Also

• Quaternary ammonium compounds
• Cosmetics industry
• Pharmaceutical industry
• Excipient
• Conditioning agent

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