Chicago River

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Chicago River
Native name
Location
Country	United States
State	Illinois
Physical characteristics
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Mouth
• location	Des Plaines River
• elevation	Template:Infobox river/calcunit
Length	Template:Infobox river/calcunit
Basin size	673 square miles (1,740 km²)
• minimum	Template:Infobox river/calcunit
• average	Template:Infobox river/calcunit
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The Chicago River is a system of rivers and canals with a combined length of 156 miles (251 km) that runs through the city of Chicago, Illinois. The river is notable for its role in the history and development of Chicago, as well as for its engineering feats, including the reversal of its flow.

History

The Chicago River has played a crucial role in the development of Chicago. Originally, the river flowed into Lake Michigan, but in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, engineers reversed its flow to improve sanitation and prevent the spread of waterborne diseases. This was achieved through the construction of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, which connected the river to the Des Plaines River.

Geography

The Chicago River system consists of three main branches:

• The North Branch
• The South Branch
• The Main Stem

The river flows through several neighborhoods and is a key feature of downtown Chicago, where it is flanked by numerous skyscrapers and historic buildings.

Engineering Feats

One of the most significant engineering projects associated with the Chicago River is the reversal of its flow. This was accomplished in 1900 by the Sanitary District of Chicago (now known as the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago). The reversal was intended to protect the city's drinking water supply in Lake Michigan from contamination by sewage.

Environmental Impact

The reversal of the Chicago River had significant environmental impacts, both positive and negative. While it improved public health by reducing waterborne diseases, it also altered the natural ecosystem. Efforts have been made in recent years to improve water quality and restore natural habitats along the river.

Cultural Significance

The Chicago River is an iconic part of the city's landscape and is celebrated in various cultural events. One of the most famous traditions is the annual dyeing of the river green for Saint Patrick's Day.

Related Pages

• Chicago
• Lake Michigan
• Des Plaines River
• Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal
• Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago
• Saint Patrick's Day