Chigger

Chigger

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A chigger larva

Chiggers are the larval form of Trombiculidae, a family of mites. They are also known as red bugs, harvest mites, scrub-itch mites, and aoutas. Chiggers are found worldwide, but they are most common in areas with a warm, humid climate. They are notorious for their itchy bites, which can cause significant discomfort to humans and animals.

Life Cycle

Chiggers undergo a complex life cycle that includes four stages: egg, larva, nymph, and adult. The larval stage is the only stage that parasitizes vertebrates, including humans. After hatching from eggs, the larvae climb onto vegetation and wait for a host to pass by. Once they attach to a host, they inject digestive enzymes into the skin, which break down skin cells. The chigger then feeds on the liquefied tissue.

Habitat

Chiggers are typically found in areas with dense vegetation, such as forests, grasslands, and gardens. They prefer moist environments and are often found in areas with tall grass, weeds, and leaf litter. They are most active during the warmer months of the year.

Symptoms and Treatment

The bites of chiggers can cause intense itching and red, pimple-like bumps on the skin. The itching is due to the body's reaction to the chigger's saliva. Symptoms usually appear within a few hours of being bitten and can last for several days. Treatment includes washing the affected area with soap and water, applying anti-itch creams, and taking antihistamines to reduce itching and inflammation.

Prevention

Preventing chigger bites involves avoiding areas where chiggers are known to live, wearing long sleeves and pants, and using insect repellents containing DEET or permethrin. After spending time in areas where chiggers may be present, it is important to shower and wash clothing to remove any chiggers that may be on the skin or clothing.

Related Pages

• Mite
• Tick
• Insect bite
• Parasite