Chimaphila umbellata

Chimaphila umbellata, commonly known as pipsissewa, umbellate wintergreen, or prince's pine, is a small perennial flowering plant found in dry woodlands, or sandy soils. It is native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

Description

Chimaphila umbellata is an evergreen shrub that grows to 10-35 cm tall. The leaves are toothed, leathery, shiny and whorled. The flowers are pink or white, produced in a small umbel of 4-8 together.

Distribution and habitat

Chimaphila umbellata is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. It is found in North America, Europe, and Asia. The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils. It can grow in full shade (deep woodland) or semi-shade (light woodland). It requires moist soil.

Uses

Chimaphila umbellata has been used in the traditional medicine of Native Americans and settlers. It has been used as a treatment for rheumatism, bladder problems and as a tonic. The plant contains hydroquinones which have mild antibiotic effects.

Cultivation

Chimaphila umbellata is not usually cultivated due to its specific habitat requirements and slow growth. However, it can be grown from seed or by division of the roots.

Conservation

Chimaphila umbellata is not currently considered to be at risk. However, its habitat is threatened by deforestation and habitat destruction.

References

• Flora of North America (1993). Chimaphila umbellata. Oxford University Press.
• Plants for a Future (1996-2010). Chimaphila umbellata - (L.)Barton. Plants For A Future, England.