Chivalry

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Leighton-God Speed!

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Ghent Altarpiece E - Knights of Christ

Stitching the Standard (Leighton)

Chivalry refers to the medieval institution of knighthood that is associated with a code of conduct and a way of life practiced by knights in European history. It originated in the early Middle Ages and was heavily influenced by Christian ethics. Chivalry encompasses a variety of qualities including bravery, courtesy, honor, and gallantry toward women.

Origins and Evolution

The concept of chivalry began during the Middle Ages, evolving from the practices of feudalism and the knight's role in warfare. Initially, it was a code of martial conduct focused on bravery in battle and loyalty to a lord or king. Over time, chivalry incorporated Christian virtues and ideals, transforming into a more comprehensive ethical code that also emphasized the protection of the weak and the poor, respect for women, and fairness in combat.

Code of Chivalry

The code of chivalry was an informal and varying code of conduct that knights were supposed to uphold. Although there was no universal code, several documents from the period, such as the Song of Roland and writings by Chretien de Troyes, outline behaviors associated with chivalrous knights. These include loyalty to one's lord, defense of the Christian faith, protection of the innocent, and maintaining one's honor by avoiding deceit and treachery.

Chivalry and Courtly Love

An important aspect of chivalry was courtly love, a concept that emerged in the literature of the time, portraying an idealized and often unattainable love. This aspect of chivalry emphasized the knight's service to a lady, and it was characterized by secret, often unrequited love, which was seen as ennobling and motivating for the knight.

Decline

The importance of chivalry began to decline in the late Middle Ages. The rise of professional armies, changes in warfare tactics, and the increasing power of nation-states reduced the influence of individual knights and their code of conduct. Additionally, the Renaissance brought about a shift in values that emphasized humanism over the martial virtues of chivalry.

Legacy

Despite its decline, the ideals of chivalry have continued to influence modern culture, particularly in literature and media. The concept of the gentleman can be seen as a descendant of the chivalrous knight, emphasizing honor, respect for others, and a sense of duty to society.