Clark electrode

Clark Electrode

A Clark electrode

The Clark electrode, also known as the Clark oxygen electrode, is a device used to measure the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a liquid. It was invented by Leland Clark Jr. in 1956 and has since become a widely used tool in various scientific and industrial applications.

Design and Operation

The Clark electrode consists of a cathode and an anode, both immersed in an electrolyte solution. The cathode is typically made of platinum, while the anode is made of silver. The electrolyte solution is usually potassium chloride. When the electrode is placed in a liquid sample containing dissolved oxygen, a chemical reaction occurs at the cathode surface.

The reaction at the cathode can be represented as follows:

2H2O + 4e- + O2 → 4OH-

This reaction consumes electrons and produces hydroxide ions. The anode, on the other hand, acts as a reference electrode and maintains a constant potential. By measuring the current flowing between the cathode and the anode, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the sample can be determined.

Applications

The Clark electrode has found numerous applications in various fields. In environmental science, it is used to measure oxygen levels in bodies of water, providing valuable information about water quality and the health of aquatic ecosystems. In medical research and clinical settings, the Clark electrode is used to monitor oxygen levels in blood samples, helping to diagnose and manage respiratory conditions.

Advantages and Limitations

One of the main advantages of the Clark electrode is its simplicity and ease of use. It provides accurate and reliable measurements of dissolved oxygen levels, making it a valuable tool for researchers and professionals. Additionally, the electrode can be easily calibrated and maintained.

However, the Clark electrode does have some limitations. It requires regular maintenance and calibration to ensure accurate readings. The electrode is also sensitive to temperature changes, which can affect its performance. Furthermore, the presence of certain substances, such as sulfides and heavy metals, can interfere with the measurement process.

See Also

• Electrochemistry
• Oxygen sensor
• Potentiometry