Clavibacter tritici

Clavibacter tritici is a bacterial species belonging to the genus Clavibacter. It is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that is known for its pathogenic effects on wheat crops, specifically causing a disease known as bacterial streak and black chaff.

Taxonomy

The bacterium Clavibacter tritici is a member of the Actinobacteria phylum, which is characterized by a high G+C content in their DNA. It belongs to the Micrococcaceae family, a group of Gram-positive bacteria that are typically found in soil and water. The genus Clavibacter contains several species, all of which are plant pathogens.

Morphology

Clavibacter tritici is a rod-shaped bacterium, a common shape for bacteria that allows for a large surface area to volume ratio, facilitating nutrient uptake. It is Gram-positive, meaning it has a thick peptidoglycan cell wall that retains the violet stain used in the Gram stain procedure.

Pathogenicity

Clavibacter tritici is known to cause bacterial streak and black chaff in wheat. This disease is characterized by black streaks on the wheat stems and leaves, and can result in significant yield losses. The bacterium is spread through infected seed and can survive in crop debris in the soil.

Management

Management of bacterial streak and black chaff caused by Clavibacter tritici involves the use of clean, disease-free seed and crop rotation. Fungicides are not effective against this bacterial pathogen. Breeding for resistance is a key strategy in managing this disease.

See also

• Clavibacter michiganensis
• Bacterial leaf streak
• Wheat diseases