Clavulanate potassium

Clavulanate potassium is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that is frequently combined with penicillin group antibiotics to overcome antibiotic resistance. It is a key component in several widely used antibiotics, including amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin) and ticarcillin/clavulanate (Timentin).

Chemistry

Clavulanate potassium is a potassium salt that is derived from clavulanic acid. It is structurally similar to the penicillins, which allows it to bind to beta-lactamase enzymes and inhibit their activity. This prevents the enzymes from breaking down the penicillin antibiotic, thereby allowing the antibiotic to effectively kill the bacteria.

Medical uses

Clavulanate potassium is not an antibiotic itself, but it is used in combination with antibiotics to treat a variety of bacterial infections. These include respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin infections, and sinusitis. It is particularly effective against bacteria that produce beta-lactamase enzymes, which are often resistant to penicillin antibiotics.

Side effects

Like all medications, clavulanate potassium can cause side effects. The most common side effects are gastrointestinal, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Less common side effects include rash, hives, and anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction.

See also

• Beta-lactamase
• Amoxicillin/clavulanate
• Ticarcillin/clavulanate