Coif

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Hans Holbein the Younger Young Woman with a White Coif 1541 LACMA M44 2 9 2

Coif is a type of close-fitting cap that has been worn by people throughout history in various cultures around the world. The coif typically covers the top, back, and sides of the head. Historically, coifs were made from linen or silk and could be either plain or decorated, depending on the wearer's status and the occasion. They were an important part of medieval European dress and have been used in various forms in other cultures as well.

History

The history of the coif dates back to the Middle Ages in Europe, where it was commonly worn by both men and women of all social classes. In the early periods, the coif was simple in design, serving as a practical garment that protected the wearer's hair from lice and dirt, as well as providing a layer of warmth. Over time, the coif evolved into a more elaborate garment, often embroidered with intricate designs for those who could afford such luxuries.

During the 16th and 17th centuries, the coif became a symbol of modesty and piety for women, particularly in England. It was often worn under larger hats or bonnets and was usually made of white linen. Men's coifs, on the other hand, were generally less decorated and were worn under hats or helmets as a protective layer.

Types of Coifs

There are several types of coifs, each with its own unique characteristics and historical context:

• Plain Coif: A simple, unadorned cap made of linen or silk, worn by the common people.
• Arming Coif: Worn under a helmet for added protection, the arming coif was padded and could be quilted.
• Lawyer's Coif: A specific type of coif worn by English lawyers and judges in the past, often made of silk and featuring a black skullcap.
• Decorated Coif: Richly embroidered coifs were a sign of wealth and status, often featuring floral or geometric patterns.

Cultural Significance

The coif holds different meanings and significance in various cultures. In medieval Europe, it was a practical piece of clothing, but it also had social and religious connotations, especially for women, for whom it symbolized modesty. In other cultures, similar head coverings might signify marital status, profession, or rank.

Construction and Materials

Early coifs were made from linen, a common and affordable fabric. Silk coifs were more luxurious and reserved for the upper classes. The construction of a coif involved cutting the fabric into shapes that were then sewn together to fit snugly around the head. Decorations, when present, were added through embroidery or the application of lace.

Modern Usage

Today, the coif is not commonly worn as part of everyday attire but can be seen in historical reenactments, period dramas, and among certain professionals in the legal field in the UK, where it remains a part of traditional court dress. It also serves as an inspiration for modern headwear designs.

See Also

• Headgear
• Medieval clothing
• Linen
• Silk
• Embroidery