Collicular artery

Collicular artery refers to a small but significant blood vessel that supplies blood to the superior colliculus of the brain. The superior colliculus is an important structure involved in the processing of visual information and the coordination of eye movements. The collicular artery, therefore, plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and functionality of this part of the brain.

Anatomy

The collicular artery is typically a branch of the posterior cerebral artery, although its origin can vary among individuals. It arises from the posterior cerebral artery as it courses around the midbrain. The artery then travels to the superior colliculus, where it branches out to supply blood to this region. The precise anatomy of the collicular artery can vary, with some individuals having a single artery that supplies both the superior and inferior colliculus, while others may have separate arteries for each colliculus.

Function

The primary function of the collicular artery is to provide oxygenated blood to the superior colliculus. This is essential for the normal functioning of the superior colliculus, which is involved in the initial processing of visual stimuli and the generation of reflexive eye movements. The superior colliculus also plays a role in the coordination of head and eye movements, making the collicular artery's role in maintaining its blood supply crucial for these processes.

Clinical Significance

Blockage or damage to the collicular artery can lead to various neurological deficits, primarily affecting the visual system. Such damage can result in difficulties with eye movement, depth perception, and the ability to track moving objects. In severe cases, it can lead to Collicular Syndrome, a condition characterized by a range of visual disturbances due to damage to the superior colliculus.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis of issues related to the collicular artery typically involves imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans to visualize the blood vessels of the brain and identify any blockages or abnormalities. Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the issue. In cases of blockage, procedures to restore blood flow to the affected area may be necessary. This can include surgical interventions or the use of medications to dissolve clots.

See Also

• Posterior cerebral artery
• Superior colliculus
• Inferior colliculus
• Brain blood supply