Composite filling

Composite Filling

Composite fillings, also known as resin-based composite fillings, are a type of dental restoration used to repair teeth that have been damaged by decay, fractures, or other forms of trauma. These fillings are made from a mixture of plastic and fine glass particles, which can be color-matched to the natural shade of the patient's teeth, providing an aesthetically pleasing result.

History

The development of composite fillings began in the 1960s as an alternative to amalgam fillings, which are made from a mixture of metals including mercury. The demand for tooth-colored restorations led to the innovation of composite materials that could be used in both anterior and posterior teeth.

Composition

Composite fillings are composed of a resin matrix and a filler material. The resin matrix is typically made from a type of plastic called bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA) or urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA). The filler material is usually made from finely ground glass or quartz, which provides strength and wear resistance.

Procedure

The procedure for placing a composite filling involves several steps:

1. Preparation: The dentist removes the decayed portion of the tooth and cleans the affected area. 2. Etching: The tooth surface is etched with a mild acid to create a rough surface for better adhesion. 3. Bonding: A bonding agent is applied to the etched surface to enhance the bond between the tooth and the composite material. 4. Application: The composite material is applied in layers, with each layer being cured or hardened using a special light. 5. Shaping and Polishing: Once the filling is in place, the dentist shapes and polishes it to match the natural contours of the tooth.

Advantages

- Aesthetics: Composite fillings can be closely matched to the color of existing teeth, making them ideal for visible areas. - Bonding: They bond directly to the tooth structure, which can help support the remaining tooth and prevent breakage. - Versatility: Composite materials can be used for a variety of dental restorations, including fillings, veneers, and crowns.

Disadvantages

- Durability: Composite fillings are not as durable as amalgam fillings and may need to be replaced more frequently. - Technique Sensitivity: The placement of composite fillings requires a dry field and precise technique, which can make the procedure more time-consuming. - Cost: Composite fillings are generally more expensive than amalgam fillings.

Maintenance

To maintain composite fillings, patients should practice good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing, and visit their dentist for routine check-ups. Avoiding habits such as nail-biting and chewing on hard objects can also help prolong the life of the filling.

Also see

• Dental restoration
• Amalgam filling
• Dental bonding
• Tooth decay