Coprinellus micaceus

Coprinellus micaceus is a common species of fungus in the family Psathyrellaceae with a cosmopolitan distribution. The mushroom is commonly known as the "Mica Cap" or "Shiny Cap" mushroom, due to the distinctive mica-like particles that cover its young caps. This saprotrophic organism thrives by decomposing organic matter, particularly wood, making it a frequent sight on decaying logs and stumps in woodlands and forests.

Description

Coprinellus micaceus mushrooms are characterized by their small to medium-sized caps, which can range from 2 to 4 cm in diameter. Initially, the caps are conical and covered in fine, glistening granules, resembling mica flakes, which gradually disappear as the mushroom matures. The cap color is generally yellow-brown to brown, fading to a lighter color with age. As is typical with many Coprinoid mushrooms, the caps deliquesce (dissolve) into a black ink-like liquid at the end of their lifecycle, a process that aids in spore dispersal.

The gills of C. micaceus are crowded, starting as white or pale in color, and becoming black and liquefying as the mushroom ages. The stem is thin, fragile, and white, ranging from 4 to 10 cm in height.

Habitat and Distribution

Coprinellus micaceus is found in a wide range of habitats around the world, reflecting its cosmopolitan distribution. It has a particular affinity for nutrient-rich, decaying wood, making it a common sight in both deciduous and mixed forests. It can also be found in urban areas, growing on wood chips, mulch, and in gardens where organic matter is abundant.

This species is saprotrophic, playing a vital role in the ecosystem by breaking down dead organic material and contributing to the nutrient cycle. It is most commonly observed from spring to fall, but in warmer climates or areas, it may appear year-round.

Edibility

While Coprinellus micaceus is considered edible, it is not highly regarded due to its small size and the rapidity with which it deliquesces, making it difficult to harvest before it begins to decompose. Additionally, as with all wild mushrooms, caution is advised when foraging, as it can be confused with other, potentially toxic Coprinoid species.

Taxonomy

The taxonomy of Coprinellus micaceus has undergone several revisions. Initially classified in the genus Coprinus, molecular studies have since placed it in the genus Coprinellus. The species name "micaceus" refers to the mica-like particles that cover the young fruiting bodies.

Conservation

Currently, Coprinellus micaceus is not considered to be at risk. Its ability to thrive in a wide range of environments, including urban areas, and its role in decomposing wood, contribute to its widespread and common status.

Gallery

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See Also

• Fungus
• Saprotrophic nutrition
• Decomposition
• Psathyrellaceae