Corneal epithelium

Corneal epithelium is the outermost layer of the cornea, the clear front surface of the eye. It plays a crucial role in the eye's visual acuity and serves as a barrier against physical and microbial damage.

Structure

The corneal epithelium is a multi-layered cellular structure, typically five to seven cells thick. It is composed of three types of cells: basal cells, wing cells, and squamous cells. The basal cells are the innermost layer, attached to the basement membrane by hemidesmosomes. The wing cells, named for their wing-like shape, are the intermediate layer. The squamous cells are the outermost layer, directly exposed to the environment.

Function

The primary function of the corneal epithelium is to protect the eye from foreign substances and trauma. It also plays a role in the eye's refractive power, contributing to clear vision. The corneal epithelium achieves this through its smooth surface and its ability to constantly regenerate, replacing damaged cells with new ones.

Clinical significance

Damage to the corneal epithelium can lead to various eye conditions, including corneal abrasion, corneal ulcer, and dry eye syndrome. Treatment typically involves promoting healing of the epithelium and preventing infection.

See also

• Cornea
• Eye
• Corneal abrasion
• Corneal ulcer
• Dry eye syndrome

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