Cornus alternifolia

Cornus alternifolia, commonly known as the pagoda dogwood or alternate-leaved dogwood, is a species of dogwood native to eastern North America, from Newfoundland west to southern Manitoba and Minnesota, and south to northern Florida and Mississippi. It is a member of the family Cornaceae, which consists of around 30-60 species of woody plants, mostly shrubs and trees.

Description

Cornus alternifolia is a small deciduous tree or large shrub that grows to 15–25 feet (4.6–7.6 m) in height, with a spread of 20–32 feet (6.1–9.8 m). It is noted for its attractive horizontal tiers of branches, which give it a distinctive pagoda-like appearance. The leaves are simple, alternate, 2–5 inches long, and broadly ovate with an acute tip, and have a distinctive wavy margin. They turn a striking red-purple in the fall.

The flowers are small, creamy white, and appear in flat-topped clusters in late spring to early summer. These are followed by dark blue berries (drupes), which are a food source for birds and other wildlife. The bark is gray to brown, with a mottled, exfoliating texture.

Habitat and Cultivation

Cornus alternifolia prefers moist, well-drained soils in partial shade but can tolerate a range of soil types and conditions, including full sun, provided it gets sufficient moisture. It is hardy in USDA zones 3 through 7. This species is susceptible to a number of pests and diseases, including dogwood anthracnose and powdery mildew, but less so than the flowering dogwood (Cornus florida).

In landscaping, Cornus alternifolia is valued for its distinctive form, attractive foliage, spring flowers, and fall color. It can be used as a specimen plant, in woodland gardens, or in naturalized areas.

Ecological Importance

The pagoda dogwood plays a significant role in its ecosystem. Its flowers provide nectar for insects, while the berries are a food source for various birds, including robins and cedar waxwings, and small mammals. The dense foliage offers nesting sites for birds. As a native plant, it contributes to the biodiversity and health of woodland habitats.

Conservation

While not currently listed as endangered, Cornus alternifolia faces threats from habitat loss and the spread of diseases like dogwood anthracnose. Conservation efforts focus on protecting natural habitats and promoting the use of native plants in landscaping to support local ecosystems.

See Also

• Cornaceae
• Dogwood anthracnose
• Habitat conservation