Corpus Callosum

Corpus Callosum is a large, C-shaped nerve fiber bundle found beneath the cerebral cortex. It spans the longitudinal fissure, connecting the left and right cerebral hemispheres, enabling communication between them. It is the largest white matter structure in the brain, consisting of 200–250 million contralateral axonal projections.

Structure

The corpus callosum is located beneath the cerebral cortex, spanning the longitudinal fissure. It is divided into four parts: the rostrum, the genu, the body, and the splenium. The rostrum is the most anterior part of the corpus callosum. The genu is the anterior part that bends backward in a knee-like manner. The body is the large posterior part, and the splenium is the posterior rounded part.

Function

The corpus callosum enables communication between the left and right cerebral hemispheres. It carries inter-hemispheric messages that allow the hemispheres to coordinate sensory and motor information. It is also involved in several higher cognitive functions, including language and memory.

Clinical Significance

Abnormalities or damage to the corpus callosum can lead to a range of neurological disorders, including split-brain, agenesis of the corpus callosum, and alien hand syndrome.

See Also

• Cerebral cortex
• Cerebral hemisphere
• Split-brain
• Agenesis of the corpus callosum
• Alien hand syndrome

References

Corpus Callosum Resources
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