Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor

Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor (CRHR) is a type of G protein-coupled receptor that binds corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). CRH is a peptide hormone and neurotransmitter involved in the stress response.

Structure

CRHR is a member of the secretin family of G protein-coupled receptors. It is a transmembrane protein that is activated by CRH and urocortin, a related peptide hormone. The receptor has two main subtypes, CRHR1 and CRHR2, which differ in their distribution throughout the body and their affinity for CRH and urocortin.

Function

CRHR plays a crucial role in the body's response to stress. When activated by CRH or urocortin, it stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary gland. ACTH then stimulates the adrenal glands to produce and release cortisol, a hormone that helps the body respond to stress.

In addition to its role in the stress response, CRHR is also involved in other physiological processes, including inflammation, immune response, and behavior.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the CRHR system have been implicated in a number of psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Some evidence suggests that CRHR1 antagonists may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of these disorders.

See also

• Corticotropin-releasing hormone
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Stress (biology)

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