Crithmum maritimum

Crithmum maritimum, commonly known as rock samphire, is a perennial plant species in the Apiaceae family. It is native to most European coastlines and is often found growing on cliffs and rocky coastal areas.

Description

Crithmum maritimum is a small, succulent plant that typically grows to a height of 20-50 cm. The leaves are fleshy and divided into small, linear segments. The plant produces small, yellow-green flowers in umbels from July to September. The fruit is a small, oval schizocarp.

Habitat and Distribution

Crithmum maritimum is a halophyte, meaning it thrives in salty environments. It is commonly found on sea cliffs, rocky shores, and salt marshes. Its distribution spans from the Atlantic coasts of Ireland and Great Britain, across the Mediterranean, to the Black Sea.

Uses

Historically, Crithmum maritimum has been used for various purposes. It was a popular vegetable in the Roman Empire, and it is still used in some Mediterranean cuisines today. The plant has also been used in traditional medicine for its diuretic and digestive properties.

Cultivation

Crithmum maritimum is a hardy plant that can tolerate harsh coastal conditions, including salt spray and poor, rocky soil. It prefers full sun and well-drained soil. The plant can be propagated by seed or by division in spring.

Conservation

While Crithmum maritimum is not currently considered threatened, its habitat is vulnerable to coastal development and climate change. Conservation efforts are focused on protecting its coastal habitat and monitoring populations.

References

• Flora Europaea: Crithmum maritimum
• Plants For A Future: Crithmum maritimum