Mediterranean Sea

Mediterranean Sea

The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant. The sea is technically a part of the Atlantic Ocean, although it is usually identified as a separate body of water.

Geography

The Mediterranean Sea has an average depth of 1,500 m (4,900 ft) and the deepest recorded point is 5,267 m (17,280 ft) in the Calypso Deep in the Ionian Sea. It covers an approximate area of 2.5 million km² (965,000 sq mi).

Climate

The Mediterranean Sea has a Mediterranean climate, with hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters. The climate is a result of the sea's position between the temperate and subtropical zones, and is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean's weather patterns.

Biodiversity

The Mediterranean Sea is known for its rich biodiversity. It is home to a wide variety of marine species, including the Mediterranean monk seal, which is one of the most endangered marine mammals in the world.

History

The Mediterranean Sea has been a crucial center for cultural and economic exchange since antiquity, serving as a conduit for the exchange of goods, ideas, and people between cultures such as the Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Arab, and Ottoman.

See also

• Black Sea
• Red Sea
• Adriatic Sea
• Aegean Sea

References

Mediterranean Sea Resources
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