Cuban migration to Miami

Census Bureau 2000, Cubans in the United States

Cuban migration to Miami

Cuban migration to Miami refers to the movement of people from Cuba to Miami, Florida, which has been a significant demographic and cultural phenomenon since the mid-20th century. This migration has profoundly influenced the social, economic, and political landscape of Miami.

Historical Background

The first major wave of Cuban migration to Miami began after the Cuban Revolution in 1959, when Fidel Castro came to power. Many Cubans fled the island nation to escape the new communist regime, seeking political asylum and better economic opportunities in the United States. The Cuban Adjustment Act of 1966 facilitated this migration by allowing Cubans to become permanent residents after one year of residence in the U.S.

Key Waves of Migration

1959-1973

The initial wave of migration, known as the Golden Exiles, consisted mainly of the Cuban upper and middle classes, including professionals, business owners, and skilled workers. These early migrants were instrumental in establishing the Cuban community in Miami.

1980 Mariel Boatlift

In 1980, the Mariel Boatlift brought approximately 125,000 Cubans to the United States. This wave included a more diverse cross-section of Cuban society, including many lower-income individuals and some with criminal backgrounds, which led to significant social and political challenges.

1994 Balseros Crisis

The Balseros crisis in 1994 saw thousands of Cubans attempting to reach the United States on makeshift rafts. This wave was driven by economic hardship and political repression in Cuba. The U.S. government responded with the Wet feet, dry feet policy, which allowed Cubans who reached U.S. soil to stay, while those intercepted at sea were returned to Cuba.

Impact on Miami

Demographic Changes

Cuban migration has significantly altered the demographic composition of Miami. As of the latest census, Cuban Americans constitute a substantial portion of Miami's population, making it one of the most prominent Cuban communities outside of Cuba.

Economic Contributions

Cuban migrants have played a crucial role in Miami's economic development. They have established numerous businesses, contributing to the city's growth and prosperity. The Little Havana neighborhood is a testament to the vibrant Cuban entrepreneurial spirit.

Cultural Influence

The cultural impact of Cuban migration is evident in Miami's music, cuisine, and festivals. Events like the Calle Ocho Festival celebrate Cuban culture and attract visitors from around the world.

Political Influence

Cuban Americans have become a powerful political force in Miami and beyond. They have been active in local, state, and national politics, advocating for policies that support their community and address issues related to U.S.-Cuba relations.

Related Pages

• Cuban Americans
• Little Havana
• Cuban Revolution
• Mariel Boatlift
• Wet feet, dry feet policy
• Cuban Adjustment Act