Cyberpunk

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Cyberpunk is a subgenre of science fiction that emerged in the early 1980s. It is characterized by its focus on "high tech and low life," featuring advanced technological and scientific achievements juxtaposed with a degree of breakdown or radical change in the social order. The term "cyberpunk" was coined by writer Bruce Bethke as the title of his 1983 short story, and it was popularized by William Gibson's seminal novel Neuromancer.

Characteristics

Cyberpunk settings are typically dystopian, featuring a world where megacorporations have more power than governments, and where cybernetics and artificial intelligence are commonplace. The genre often explores themes of anarchy, rebellion, and the impact of technology on human society.

Technology

In cyberpunk fiction, technology is both a tool and a weapon. Common elements include:

• Cybernetics: The integration of mechanical and electronic devices into the human body.
• Artificial intelligence: Advanced AI systems that often play a significant role in the plot.
• Virtual reality: Immersive digital environments that characters can enter and interact with.
• Hacking: The act of breaking into computer systems, often portrayed as a form of rebellion or survival.

Society

Cyberpunk worlds are often marked by stark contrasts between the wealthy elite and the impoverished masses. Common societal elements include:

• Megacorporations: Large, powerful companies that control significant aspects of society.
• Urban decay: Cities that are overcrowded, polluted, and rife with crime.
• Subcultures: Diverse and often rebellious groups that exist on the fringes of society.

Notable Works

Several works have defined and popularized the cyberpunk genre:

• Neuromancer by William Gibson
• Blade Runner (film) directed by Ridley Scott
• Snow Crash by Neal Stephenson
• Ghost in the Shell (manga and anime) by Masamune Shirow

Influence

Cyberpunk has had a significant impact on various forms of media, including literature, film, video games, and music. It has influenced genres such as steampunk, biopunk, and post-cyberpunk.

Related Pages

• Science fiction
• Dystopia
• Cybernetics
• Artificial intelligence
• Virtual reality
• Hacking
• Megacorporation
• Urban decay
• Subculture