Cynomolgus

Cynomolgus Monkey

The Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis), also known as the long-tailed macaque or crab-eating macaque, is a primate species native to Southeast Asia. It is one of the most widely used non-human primates in biomedical research due to its close genetic relationship to humans and its adaptability to various environments.

Taxonomy and Distribution

The Cynomolgus Monkey belongs to the genus *Macaca*, which is part of the family Cercopithecidae. The species is distributed across a wide range of Southeast Asian countries, including Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam. They inhabit a variety of environments, from coastal mangroves to inland forests.

Physical Characteristics

Cynomolgus Monkeys are medium-sized primates with a body length ranging from 40 to 60 cm and a tail length of 40 to 65 cm. They have a distinctive long tail, which is often longer than their body. Their fur is generally grey or brown, with lighter underparts. Males are typically larger than females, with males weighing between 5 to 9 kg and females weighing between 3 to 6 kg.

Behavior and Social Structure

These monkeys are highly social animals, living in groups that can range from a few individuals to over 100. Their social structure is matrilineal, with females remaining in their natal groups while males disperse upon reaching maturity. They are known for their complex social interactions and hierarchies.

Cynomolgus Monkeys are omnivorous, with a diet that includes fruits, seeds, leaves, and small animals. They are also known to forage for crabs and other crustaceans, which is how they earned the name "crab-eating macaque."

Use in Biomedical Research

The Cynomolgus Monkey is extensively used in biomedical research due to its physiological and genetic similarities to humans. They are particularly valuable in studies related to neuroscience, infectious diseases, and drug development. Their use in research has contributed significantly to the understanding of human diseases and the development of medical treatments.

Conservation Status

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists the Cynomolgus Monkey as "Least Concern" due to its wide distribution and large population. However, habitat destruction and hunting pose threats to certain populations. Conservation efforts are focused on habitat preservation and sustainable management of wild populations.

Also see

• Macaca
• Primate Research
• Biomedical Research
• Conservation Biology