Cytidylic acid
Overview of Cytidylic acid
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Cytidylic acid, also known as cytidine monophosphate (CMP), is a nucleotide that is composed of the nucleoside cytidine and a single phosphate group. It is one of the four main nucleotides found in RNA, where it pairs with guanine.
Structure[edit | edit source]
Cytidylic acid consists of a cytosine base attached to a ribose sugar, which is further linked to a phosphate group. The chemical formula for cytidylic acid is C9H14N3O8P, and it has a molar mass of 323.20 g/mol.
Function[edit | edit source]
In the context of RNA, cytidylic acid plays a crucial role in the storage and expression of genetic information. It is involved in the formation of phosphodiester bonds that link nucleotides together to form the RNA polymer. In addition, CMP is a precursor in the biosynthesis of cytidine triphosphate (CTP), which is an essential building block for the synthesis of phospholipids and glycoproteins.
Biosynthesis[edit | edit source]
Cytidylic acid is synthesized in cells through the de novo synthesis pathway of pyrimidine nucleotides. The process begins with the formation of uridine monophosphate (UMP), which is then converted to CMP by the enzyme CTP synthetase through an amination reaction that involves the conversion of UTP to CTP, followed by dephosphorylation to CMP.
Metabolism[edit | edit source]
CMP can be further phosphorylated to form cytidine diphosphate (CDP) and CTP, which are involved in various metabolic pathways. CMP can also be dephosphorylated to form cytidine, which can be recycled back into nucleotide synthesis pathways.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
Abnormalities in the metabolism of cytidylic acid and other nucleotides can lead to various metabolic disorders. For example, defects in the enzymes involved in pyrimidine metabolism can result in conditions such as orotic aciduria.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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