DOPAC

DOPAC (3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid) is a metabolite of the neurotransmitter dopamine. It is produced by the action of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO) on dopamine, followed by aldehyde dehydrogenase conversion of the intermediate product DOPAL (3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde).

Metabolism

Dopamine is metabolized into DOPAC primarily in the presynaptic neurons after it has been released into the synaptic cleft. The process begins with the action of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO), which oxidizes dopamine, converting it into DOPAL. This is then further metabolized by aldehyde dehydrogenase into DOPAC.

Role in Neurotransmission

DOPAC is an important compound in the neurotransmission process. It serves as a marker for dopamine activity. The levels of DOPAC in the brain can be measured and are often used as an indicator of the rate of dopamine turnover. High levels of DOPAC can indicate increased dopamine activity, while low levels can suggest reduced dopamine activity.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in DOPAC levels have been associated with various neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and depression. In Parkinson's disease, for example, the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons leads to a decrease in DOPAC levels. Conversely, in conditions such as schizophrenia, increased levels of DOPAC may be observed.

See Also

• Dopamine
• Monoamine oxidase
• Neurotransmitter
• Parkinson's disease
• Schizophrenia
• Depression

References

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