Dangerous goods

Dangerous goods‏‎, also known as hazardous materials (hazmat), are substances or materials that pose a risk to health, safety, property, or the environment during transportation. These goods can be solid, liquid, or gas and are often subject to chemical regulations.

Classification

Dangerous goods are classified into nine classes according to the United Nations' system. These classes are:

1. Explosives
2. Gases
3. Flammable Liquids
4. Flammable Solids
5. Oxidizing Substances
6. Toxic and Infectious Substances
7. Radioactive Material
8. Corrosives
9. Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods

Each class is further divided into divisions to provide more specific information about the nature of the goods.

Transportation

The transportation of dangerous goods is regulated by international and national laws. The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code) regulates the maritime transportation of dangerous goods, while the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) provides regulations for air transport. In the United States, the Department of Transportation (DOT) regulates the transportation of dangerous goods.

Packaging and Labeling

Dangerous goods must be properly packaged and labeled to ensure safe transportation. The packaging must be designed to prevent leakage and damage, and the labels must clearly indicate the nature of the goods. The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) provides guidelines for the packaging and labeling of dangerous goods.

Training

Persons involved in the transportation of dangerous goods must receive appropriate training. This includes drivers, pilots, and other personnel involved in the handling, storage, and transportation of these goods. Training programs are often provided by regulatory agencies or professional organizations.

See Also

• Hazardous waste
• Material safety data sheet
• Occupational safety and health