Decapod anatomy

Decapod anatomy refers to the physical structure and characteristics of decapods, a large order of crustaceans that includes species such as crabs, lobsters, and shrimp.

Overview

Decapods are characterized by their ten legs or "decapod" structure. This is a defining feature of the order and is a key aspect of their anatomy. The body of a decapod is typically divided into two main sections: the cephalothorax (head and thorax combined) and the abdomen.

Cephalothorax

The cephalothorax is the front part of a decapod's body. It is covered by a single exoskeleton piece known as the carapace, which provides protection. The cephalothorax contains the head and thorax, which are fused together. The head region houses the eyes, antennae, and mouthparts, while the thorax contains the legs and gills.

Abdomen

The abdomen is the rear part of a decapod's body. It is segmented and flexible, allowing for movement. The abdomen houses the reproductive organs and the tail, which ends in a fan-like structure in many species. This tail can be used for rapid backwards movement in the water, especially in shrimp and lobsters.

Legs

Decapods have ten legs, which are used for various functions depending on the species. In crabs, the first pair of legs is often modified into claws for defense and feeding. In lobsters and shrimp, the legs are primarily used for locomotion and manipulating food.

Gills

Decapods breathe through gills, which are located in the thoracic region. Water flows over the gills, allowing oxygen to be extracted and carbon dioxide to be expelled.

Reproduction

Decapods have separate sexes and most species reproduce sexually. The female carries the eggs until they hatch, often attached to the underside of the abdomen.

See also

• Arthropod
• Crustacean larva

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