Decomposers

Decomposers are organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms, and in doing so, they carry out the natural process of decomposition. Like herbivores and predators, decomposers are heterotrophic, meaning that they use organic substrates to get their energy, carbon and nutrients for growth and development. While the terms decomposer and detritivore are often interchangeably used, detritivores ingest and digest dead matter, while decomposers directly absorb nutrients in a form that can be used by plants and other autotrophs.

Types of Decomposers

Decomposers can be classified into two broad categories: microdecomposers and macrodecomposers.

Microdecomposers

Microdecomposers are microscopic organisms, including bacteria and fungi. They play a crucial role in nutrient cycling as they break down organic matter into inorganic nutrients that can be absorbed by plants.

Macrodecomposers

Macrodecomposers are larger, visible organisms, such as earthworms, woodlice, and certain types of beetles. They physically break down organic matter by eating it and excreting it in a simpler form.

Role in Ecosystem

Decomposers play a vital role in maintaining the ecosystem. They help in the decomposition process, which involves the breaking down of dead and decaying organisms. This process helps in recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. Without decomposers, dead organisms would not decompose fully, leading to a buildup of waste and dead material.

See Also

• Food chain
• Nutrient cycle
• Composting

Decomposers Resources
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